Which of the following is a common tool used in orientation and mobility (OandM) training?

The use of white canes is a fundamental aspect of orientation and mobility (O&M) training for individuals with visual impairments. White canes provide essential tactile feedback about the environment, helping users detect obstacles, changes in surface textures, and other important landmarks. This tool is specifically designed for individuals with vision loss to navigate safely and independently.

White canes serve not only a practical purpose but also a symbolic one, as they allow individuals to communicate their visual impairment to others. The effectiveness of white canes in enhancing spatial awareness and promoting independent travel is well-documented, making them an indispensable tool in O&M training.

While smartphones and walking sticks may assist in mobility, they do not fulfill the specific role of a white cane in providing real-time feedback to the user about their surroundings in a way that enhances orientation skills. Bicycles, while handy for transportation, do not facilitate the same level of independence for individuals with visual impairments as white canes do.