Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a cognitive map?

A cognitive map is a mental representation that allows individuals to understand and navigate their environment. One of its key characteristics is that it is based on the spatial relationships between objects and locations within a space. This involves elements like landmarks and paths, which help individuals orient themselves and navigate.

The option indicating that a cognitive map relies on memorization suggests a passive process where one simply memorizes locations without understanding their relationships. In contrast, cognitive maps are more about a dynamic understanding of spatial connections rather than rote memorization. They allow for flexibility in navigation, enabling a person to find new paths or understand perspectives based on the relationships mapped cognitively.

Moreover, cognitive maps can be visually depicted, allowing for a graphical representation of the mental layout a person has formed about an environment. This visual representation aids in communication and understanding, but the essence of a cognitive map goes beyond just memorization — it incorporates the individual's interpretation of the space and its elements.

Understanding these characteristics highlights why reliance on memorization does not encapsulate the full essence of what a cognitive map represents.